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万圣节的习俗中英介绍
the customs of halloween
halloween is an observance celebrated on the night of october 31, most notably by children dressing in costumes and going door-to-door collecting candy. it is celebrated in much of the western world, though most common in the united states, puerto rico, republic of ireland, the united kingdom, canada, and with increasing popularity in australia and new zealand. halloween originated in ireland as the pagan celtic harvest festival, samhain. irish, scots and other immigrants brought older versions of the tradition to north america in the 19th century. most other western countries have embraced halloween as a part of american pop culture in the late 20th century.
the term halloween, and its older spelling hallowe'en, is shortened from all-hallow-even, as it is the evening before "all hallows day"(also known as "all saints' day"). in ireland, the name was all hallows eve and this name is still used by some older people. halloween was also sometimes called all saints' eve. the holiday was a day of religious festivities in various northern european pagan traditions, until it was appropriated by christian missionaries and given a christian interpretation. in mexico november 1st and 2nd are celebrated as the "dia de los muertos" day of the dead. halloween is also called pooky night in some parts of ireland, presumably named after the púca, a mischievous spirit. in australia it is sometimes referred to as "mischief night", by locals.
halloween is sometimes associated with the occult. many european cultural traditions hold that halloween is one of the liminal times of the year when the spiritual world can make contact with the physical world and when magic is most potent (e.g. catalan mythology about witches).
halloween is an annual celebration, but just what is it actually a celebration of? and how did this peculiar custom originate? is it, as some claim, a kind of demon worship? or is it just a harmless vestige of some ancient pagan ritual?
the word itself, "halloween," actually has its origins in the catholic church. it comes from a contracted corruption of all hallows eve. november 1, "all hollows day" (or "all saints day"), is a catholic day of observance in honor of saints. but, in the 5th century bc, in celtic ireland, summer officially ended on october 31. the holiday was called samhain (sow-en), the celtic new year.
one story says that, on that day, the disembodied spirits of all those who had died throughout the preceding year would come back in search of living bodies to possess for the next year. it was believed to be their only hope for the afterlife. the celts believed all laws of space and time were suspended during this time, allowing the spirit world to intermingle with the living.

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